This short article is about air conditioning, often abbreviated to AC. Air conditioning is commonly found in modern buildings and describes the process of removing heat from an internal space, helping to cool the air, and control humidity.
This brief guide is about heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC. The cooling towers used in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems are primarily used to dispose or reject to atmosphere any unwanted heat generated from a chiller or cooling system.
Insightful energy efficiency solutions to reduce costs, optimise processes and improve environmental performance.
Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK water treatment and environmental services company offering a range of innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions involving the use of water and energy in industrial boilers, steam generating systems, HVAC, cooling towers, and the treatment of wastewater and effluent in commercial, industrial and process applications.
Our sustainable energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions are delivered by in-field experts who combine their extensive knowledge of process applications with the latest high performance analysis equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste processes and improve environmental performance.
Our specialist energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions include:
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water and energy specialists, and technical experts we can offer innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact Water Treatment Services today to learn how our expert resource optimisation solutions can help you reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. To speak with one of our energy efficiency experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below to get our full contact details or submit our contact form.
Environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly important as countries and responsible organisations around the world begin to recognise the detrimental impact their activities are having on our climate, air quality and the wider environment.
Good examples of this are the international environmental standard ISO14001:2015 “Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use” and the Kyoto Protocol of 1997.
ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally recognised environmental management standard that helps organisations to establish, implement and maintain their own environmental management systems.
The Kyoto Protocol currently commits over 190 countries around the world to combat global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.
It came in to force in 2005. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets. It requires those participating countries to:
In the UK our commitment to the Kyoto Protocol is outlined in the Governments “The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland”, download a full copy here… air quality strategy →
It is clear from this and the widespread adoption of the environmental standard ISO14001:2015 that our future expectations around issues of social responsibility, economic and environmental performance are changing and should no longer be seen as being mutually exclusive.
For those environmentally responsible organisations this presents significant challenges and this is where the holistic approach taken by the energy efficiency experts at Water Treatment Services can help deliver real process, energy and environmental improvements to your operations involving:
Like it or not water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource in many parts of the world as climates change, populations increase and the demands for good quality water become ever greater.
The challenge now facing organisations is how to optimise their use of this scare resource.
Opportunities to do this might include new water conservation strategies, identifying innovative ways in which to treat wastewater and industrial effluents, water recycling, rainwater harvesting and improving overall water and energy efficiencies.
Reducing the volumes of water used in commercial, institutional and industrial buildings, and manufacturing and process applications requires a detailed appreciation of how the water is used and its impact on each process.
This can include the use of hot and cold water in buildings, heating and cooling systems through to complex industrial processes.
Our expert team have the knowledge and experience to identify key areas for reducing overall water consumption, advising on best practice, the latest water saving devices, industry bench-marking and performance monitoring.
Optimising the treatment of industrial wastewater and trade effluent is becoming ever more complex as increasingly rigorous environmental standards become the norm, and energy, water and effluent discharge costs increase.
Under such challenging conditions improving the treatment processes for industrial wastewaters becomes ever more important.
Our team of experts offer a holistic approach to the evaluation and treatment of industrial wastewaters and developing innovative ways to reduce costs, improve process and energy efficiencies along with the introduction of new, eco-friendly wastewater recycling and water reuse solutions.
This allows us to help customers meet their legal obligations in the most economic, environmentally sensitive way, improve waste management processes and protect the environment.
Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling present excellent opportunities to collect or recycle water for alternative uses.
To develop the most appropriate water reuse solution it is essential to understand the technologies involved in these applications, where the water can be reused and how it needs be treated to meet water quality standards.
Water Treatment Services combine our water treatment expertise with a practical engineering approach to design, construct and manage the most appropriate rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling solutions for each application.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC are complex building systems designed to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor spaces.
Well-designed HVAC systems will help to create desired levels of thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
Our energy efficiency services seek to optimise the performance of HVAC systems by reviewing comfort, climate control, and output quality and energy efficiency issues.
Key areas for investigation and HVAC performance optimisation include:
Maintaining the cleanliness of heating and cooling coils in HVAC systems is essential to their efficient operation.
Significant cost savings can be made in this area.
Our HVAC services include auditing heat transfer capabilities for both cooling and heating coils, and complete coil cleaning services to ensure optimum heat transfer and air flow efficiencies are maintained.
HVAC filter management designed to optimise heating and cooling performance and energy efficiencies.
Typically this would involve an assessment of the required environmental conditions to understand desired outcomes, and then matching this to the most effective filter combinations for performance, efficiency and lifecycle cost.
The safe, energy efficient operation of boilers and steam generating systems relies heavily on the effective treatment of the boiler water itself.
Poor management of internal heat transfer surfaces and boiler water quality and can seriously affect both boiler performance and asset integrity.
This can lead to increased costs, wasted energy and potentially result in serious damage to the boiler.
Our expert energy efficiency and boiler water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of both the boiler and wider steam system.
Our approach is designed optimise costs and operational efficiencies, maintain steam quality, achieve water and energy savings, and increase plant reliability and safety.
Cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems are used to provide cooling for chillers, air conditioning equipment, and many manufacturing and process applications.
They do this using a heat transfer or heat rejection process involving the evaporation of water to the atmosphere.
This evaporation process means they can consume significant amounts of water.
The energy efficient operation of cooling towers relies heavily on the effective treatment of the recirculating water used in the cooling tower system.
Poor water quality management can seriously affect cooling performance, water and energy efficiencies and asset integrity.
Water is lost from a cooling tower in a number of ways including:
Recirculating water evaporates from the cooling tower and is rejected to the atmosphere.
As water evaporates from the cooling system, dissolved solids begin to concentrate.
As concentrations increase these solids can cause scaling and corrosion problems.
Such concentrations are typically controlled by blowdown which involves draining water from the cooling system.
Blowdown should be carefully controlled to optimise water efficiencies.
Small volumes of water leave the cooling tower as a mist or as water droplets, and this is called drift.
The volumes of water lost as drift are typically small and can be controlled with baffles and drift eliminators fitted to the tower.
Our expert energy efficiency and cooling water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems.
Our approach is designed optimise costs and heat transfer efficiencies, achieve water and energy savings, and maintain asset integrity.
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your energy and resource optimisation requirements. We can provide expert energy efficiency solutions to help you reduce energy costs, improve efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance.
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of process engineers, in-field specialists and technical experts we can offer innovative energy optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact us now for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.
More information on energy efficiency and resource optimisation… here →
More on the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change… kyoto protocol →
This short article is about air conditioning, often abbreviated to AC. Air conditioning is commonly found in modern buildings and describes the process of removing heat from an internal space, helping to cool the air, and control humidity.
This brief guide is about heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC. The cooling towers used in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems are primarily used to dispose or reject to atmosphere any unwanted heat generated from a chiller or cooling system.
Insightful energy efficiency solutions to reduce costs, optimise processes and improve environmental performance.
Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK water treatment and environmental services company offering a range of innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions involving the use of water and energy in industrial boilers, steam generating systems, HVAC, cooling towers, and the treatment of wastewater and effluent in commercial, industrial and process applications.
Our sustainable energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions are delivered by in-field experts who combine their extensive knowledge of process applications with the latest high performance analysis equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste processes and improve environmental performance.
Our specialist energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions include:
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water and energy specialists, and technical experts we can offer innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact Water Treatment Services today to learn how our expert resource optimisation solutions can help you reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. To speak with one of our energy efficiency experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below to get our full contact details or submit our contact form.
Environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly important as countries and responsible organisations around the world begin to recognise the detrimental impact their activities are having on our climate, air quality and the wider environment.
Good examples of this are the international environmental standard ISO14001:2015 “Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use” and the Kyoto Protocol of 1997.
ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally recognised environmental management standard that helps organisations to establish, implement and maintain their own environmental management systems.
The Kyoto Protocol currently commits over 190 countries around the world to combat global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.
It came in to force in 2005. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets. It requires those participating countries to:
In the UK our commitment to the Kyoto Protocol is outlined in the Governments “The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland”, download a full copy here… air quality strategy →
It is clear from this and the widespread adoption of the environmental standard ISO14001:2015 that our future expectations around issues of social responsibility, economic and environmental performance are changing and should no longer be seen as being mutually exclusive.
For those environmentally responsible organisations this presents significant challenges and this is where the holistic approach taken by the energy efficiency experts at Water Treatment Services can help deliver real process, energy and environmental improvements to your operations involving:
Like it or not water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource in many parts of the world as climates change, populations increase and the demands for good quality water become ever greater.
The challenge now facing organisations is how to optimise their use of this scare resource.
Opportunities to do this might include new water conservation strategies, identifying innovative ways in which to treat wastewater and industrial effluents, water recycling, rainwater harvesting and improving overall water and energy efficiencies.
Reducing the volumes of water used in commercial, institutional and industrial buildings, and manufacturing and process applications requires a detailed appreciation of how the water is used and its impact on each process.
This can include the use of hot and cold water in buildings, heating and cooling systems through to complex industrial processes.
Our expert team have the knowledge and experience to identify key areas for reducing overall water consumption, advising on best practice, the latest water saving devices, industry bench-marking and performance monitoring.
Optimising the treatment of industrial wastewater and trade effluent is becoming ever more complex as increasingly rigorous environmental standards become the norm, and energy, water and effluent discharge costs increase.
Under such challenging conditions improving the treatment processes for industrial wastewaters becomes ever more important.
Our team of experts offer a holistic approach to the evaluation and treatment of industrial wastewaters and developing innovative ways to reduce costs, improve process and energy efficiencies along with the introduction of new, eco-friendly wastewater recycling and water reuse solutions.
This allows us to help customers meet their legal obligations in the most economic, environmentally sensitive way, improve waste management processes and protect the environment.
Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling present excellent opportunities to collect or recycle water for alternative uses.
To develop the most appropriate water reuse solution it is essential to understand the technologies involved in these applications, where the water can be reused and how it needs be treated to meet water quality standards.
Water Treatment Services combine our water treatment expertise with a practical engineering approach to design, construct and manage the most appropriate rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling solutions for each application.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC are complex building systems designed to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor spaces.
Well-designed HVAC systems will help to create desired levels of thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
Our energy efficiency services seek to optimise the performance of HVAC systems by reviewing comfort, climate control, and output quality and energy efficiency issues.
Key areas for investigation and HVAC performance optimisation include:
Maintaining the cleanliness of heating and cooling coils in HVAC systems is essential to their efficient operation.
Significant cost savings can be made in this area.
Our HVAC services include auditing heat transfer capabilities for both cooling and heating coils, and complete coil cleaning services to ensure optimum heat transfer and air flow efficiencies are maintained.
HVAC filter management designed to optimise heating and cooling performance and energy efficiencies.
Typically this would involve an assessment of the required environmental conditions to understand desired outcomes, and then matching this to the most effective filter combinations for performance, efficiency and lifecycle cost.
The safe, energy efficient operation of boilers and steam generating systems relies heavily on the effective treatment of the boiler water itself.
Poor management of internal heat transfer surfaces and boiler water quality and can seriously affect both boiler performance and asset integrity.
This can lead to increased costs, wasted energy and potentially result in serious damage to the boiler.
Our expert energy efficiency and boiler water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of both the boiler and wider steam system.
Our approach is designed optimise costs and operational efficiencies, maintain steam quality, achieve water and energy savings, and increase plant reliability and safety.
Cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems are used to provide cooling for chillers, air conditioning equipment, and many manufacturing and process applications.
They do this using a heat transfer or heat rejection process involving the evaporation of water to the atmosphere.
This evaporation process means they can consume significant amounts of water.
The energy efficient operation of cooling towers relies heavily on the effective treatment of the recirculating water used in the cooling tower system.
Poor water quality management can seriously affect cooling performance, water and energy efficiencies and asset integrity.
Water is lost from a cooling tower in a number of ways including:
Recirculating water evaporates from the cooling tower and is rejected to the atmosphere.
As water evaporates from the cooling system, dissolved solids begin to concentrate.
As concentrations increase these solids can cause scaling and corrosion problems.
Such concentrations are typically controlled by blowdown which involves draining water from the cooling system.
Blowdown should be carefully controlled to optimise water efficiencies.
Small volumes of water leave the cooling tower as a mist or as water droplets, and this is called drift.
The volumes of water lost as drift are typically small and can be controlled with baffles and drift eliminators fitted to the tower.
Our expert energy efficiency and cooling water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems.
Our approach is designed optimise costs and heat transfer efficiencies, achieve water and energy savings, and maintain asset integrity.
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your energy and resource optimisation requirements. We can provide expert energy efficiency solutions to help you reduce energy costs, improve efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance.
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of process engineers, in-field specialists and technical experts we can offer innovative energy optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact us now for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.
More information on energy efficiency and resource optimisation… here →
More on the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change… kyoto protocol →
Specialist cooling water treatment solutions.
Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK environmental engineering company offering a comprehensive range of cooling water treatment and in-field engineering support solutions for cooling systems including evaporative condensers and cooling towers.
Our treatment solutions for cooling systems including cooling towers address the common problems of corrosion, scaling, fouling and microbial contamination that can affect the safety, regulatory compliance and performance of cooling systems.
Our water management services are delivered by in-field experts who use the latest high performance cooling water treatment products including biocides, chemical cleaners and antiscalants; commercial water softeners, equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance operational efficiency and reliability; extend asset lifecycles and improve safety and regulatory compliance issues, including the control of Legionella to satisfy the requirements of the Health & Safety Executives Approved Code of Practice ACOP L8 and HSG274.
Our expert water treatment services for cooling systems including evaporative condensers and cooling towers includes:
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field cooling water treatment specialists and technical experts we can offer professional, cost effective solutions for the management and continued treatment of open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops and once-through cooling systems across the whole of the UK and Ireland.
Contact us today to learn how our expert cooling water treatment services, Legionella control, cooling tower engineering solutions can help you optimise costs and operational efficiencies, reduce downtime, achieve water and energy savings, increase plant reliability, and improve safety and regulatory compliance to meet the standards set by the HSE in their ACOP L8.
To speak with one of our cooling water experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below.
Cooling systems, whether open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops or once-through systems are an essential component in many commercial, industrial and process environments where their primary purpose is to remove heat via a heat exchanger to water in a cooling system.
The most common of these are recirculating systems that use either evaporative condensers or a cooling tower to dissipate heat. The use of water in this way is a highly cost effective, energy efficient means of heat transfer.
If a cooling system or the water used within it is poorly maintained or left untreated it can lead to a number of common problems that will affect cost, performance, reliability and safety.
The problems associated with poor cooling water treatment and system maintenance include corrosion, scaling, fouling and microbial contamination.
Such problems can affect cooling performance, reduce heat transfer efficiencies, increase energy costs; reduce asset reliability and life-expectancy, and cause significant health, safety and regulatory compliance issues for the operators of such cooling systems.
To combat these problems cooling systems and the water used within them requires suitable treatment often involving the use of specialist high performance water treatment chemicals.
Successful cooling system operation requires a holistic approach to the maintenance and protection of both the cooling system components and cooling waters against the detrimental effects of corrosion, scale formation, fouling and microbial contamination.
A well-managed cooling tower water treatment programme will help optimise costs and operational efficiencies, reduce downtime, achieve water and energy savings, increase plant reliability, and improve safety and regulatory compliance.
The control of corrosion in cooling systems is essential as it can cause a number of serious problems. Corrosion of the metallic components within the system can lead to serious degradation issues, increased costs, reduced asset reliability and life-expectancy, and ultimately system failure. It can also impact heat transfer efficiencies which increases energy costs.
Cooling water related corrosion can be caused by a number of factors that typically include oxygen associated corrosion, galvanic corrosion and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC). Where stainless steel exists chloride ions can also become an issue causing pitting corrosion.
The relationship between corrosion and scaling potential in cooling waters can be predicted using the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI).
The system should be kept clean and free from microbial contamination and fouling. A specialist cooling water corrosion inhibitor, selected to account for the system metallurgy and local water conditions should also be used.
The formation of scale (sometimes called limescale) on heat exchanger surfaces and cooling tower packing can become a significant issue. If left untreated or treated incorrectly scale can build-up on surfaces and acts as an excellent insulator to reduce heat transfer efficiencies and constrict flow rates. It can also harbour dangerous pathogens including legionella bacteria, the causative organism for the potentially fatal condition Legionnaires’ disease.
The scaling potential of the water source depends on the source water hardness, and occurs when calcium and magnesium salts precipitate out on to surfaces as a result of heat and increased concentration factor. The scaling potential can be predicted using the Langelier Index (LSI) and this can be used to develop an optimum cooling water treatment programme that balances both scale and corrosion considerations.
To control scale formation in a typical cooling system the following water treatment activities should be considered.
Microbial contamination of cooling systems, and in particular, cooling towers that use open evaporative cooling techniques should be considered a safety critical issue that requires careful management and control to ensure they are clean, well maintained and meet the compliance standards set in the Health & Safety Executives ACOP L8 and HSG274 Part 1 dealing with the control of Legionella bacteria and Legionnaires’ disease in evaporative cooling systems, including cooling towers.
Cooling towers are known to present a particularly high Legionella risk as their mode of operation can create an ideal mechanism for the growth, proliferation and dispersal of Legionella bacteria over wide areas, now known to be at least 6km from the source cooling tower.
Did you know that cooling towers can spread Legionella bacteria over wide areas… at least 6km in some cases
Controlling microbial contamination including Legionella in cooling towers requires a robust water treatment and Legionnaires’ disease control programme. This would typically include the preparation of detailed operation and maintenance procedures for the cooling tower together with a chemical water treatment programme involving the use of specialist cooling water treatment chemicals, dosing equipment and data controllers.
Regular monitoring and testing will also be required to validate the success of the treatment programme, along with specialist laboratory tests for Legionella bacteria at least every three months. The cooling tower system will also require cleaning and disinfecting regularly.
The industrial and process water treatment specialists at Water Treatment Services have developed an extensive series of professional water and wastewater treatment training courses that includes WTS 0050 “Cooling Water Treatment & Evaporative Cooling Systems”. This specialist water treatment training course comprises an intensive one day course designed for plant operators, water treatment service engineers, facilities managers, maintenance and engineering contractors, and those with responsibility for commercial and industrial cooling towers and other cooling systems… training →
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your cooling tower water treatment requirements. We can provide expert advice and support regarding the management and treatment of open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops and once-through cooling systems.
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water treatment specialists and technical experts we can offer reliable, cost effective water treatment and engineering support services throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact us today for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.
More information on the treatment of water used in cooling systems … learn more here →
This short article is about air conditioning, often abbreviated to AC. Air conditioning is commonly found in modern buildings and describes the process of removing heat from an internal space, helping to cool the air, and control humidity.
This brief guide is about heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC. The cooling towers used in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems are primarily used to dispose or reject to atmosphere any unwanted heat generated from a chiller or cooling system.
Insightful energy efficiency solutions to reduce costs, optimise processes and improve environmental performance. Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK water treatment and environmental services company offering a range of innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions involving the use of water and energy in industrial boilers, steam generating systems, HVAC, cooling towers, and the treatment of wastewater and effluent in commercial, industrial and process applications. Our sustainable energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions are delivered by in-field experts who combine their extensive knowledge of process applications with the latest high performance analysis equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste processes and improve environmental performance. Our specialist energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions include:Expert energy efficiency & resource optimisation solutions
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water and energy specialists, and technical experts we can offer innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland. Contact Water Treatment Services today to learn how our expert resource optimisation solutions can help you reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. To speak with one of our energy efficiency experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below to get our full contact details or submit our contact form.Full national UK coverage
Environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly important as countries and responsible organisations around the world begin to recognise the detrimental impact their activities are having on our climate, air quality and the wider environment. Good examples of this are the international environmental standard ISO14001:2015 “Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use” and the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally recognised environmental management standard that helps organisations to establish, implement and maintain their own environmental management systems. The Kyoto Protocol currently commits over 190 countries around the world to combat global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. It came in to force in 2005. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets. It requires those participating countries to:Energy efficiency & environmental sustainability
In the UK our commitment to the Kyoto Protocol is outlined in the Governments “The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland”, download a full copy here… air quality strategy → It is clear from this and the widespread adoption of the environmental standard ISO14001:2015 that our future expectations around issues of social responsibility, economic and environmental performance are changing and should no longer be seen as being mutually exclusive. For those environmentally responsible organisations this presents significant challenges and this is where the holistic approach taken by the energy efficiency experts at Water Treatment Services can help deliver real process, energy and environmental improvements to your operations involving:Delivering process, energy & environmental improvements
Like it or not water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource in many parts of the world as climates change, populations increase and the demands for good quality water become ever greater. The challenge now facing organisations is how to optimise their use of this scare resource. Opportunities to do this might include new water conservation strategies, identifying innovative ways in which to treat wastewater and industrial effluents, water recycling, rainwater harvesting and improving overall water and energy efficiencies. Reducing the volumes of water used in commercial, institutional and industrial buildings, and manufacturing and process applications requires a detailed appreciation of how the water is used and its impact on each process. This can include the use of hot and cold water in buildings, heating and cooling systems through to complex industrial processes. Our expert team have the knowledge and experience to identify key areas for reducing overall water consumption, advising on best practice, the latest water saving devices, industry bench-marking and performance monitoring. Optimising the treatment of industrial wastewater and trade effluent is becoming ever more complex as increasingly rigorous environmental standards become the norm, and energy, water and effluent discharge costs increase. Under such challenging conditions improving the treatment processes for industrial wastewaters becomes ever more important. Our team of experts offer a holistic approach to the evaluation and treatment of industrial wastewaters and developing innovative ways to reduce costs, improve process and energy efficiencies along with the introduction of new, eco-friendly wastewater recycling and water reuse solutions. This allows us to help customers meet their legal obligations in the most economic, environmentally sensitive way, improve waste management processes and protect the environment. Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling present excellent opportunities to collect or recycle water for alternative uses. To develop the most appropriate water reuse solution it is essential to understand the technologies involved in these applications, where the water can be reused and how it needs be treated to meet water quality standards. Water Treatment Services combine our water treatment expertise with a practical engineering approach to design, construct and manage the most appropriate rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling solutions for each application. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC are complex building systems designed to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor spaces. Well-designed HVAC systems will help to create desired levels of thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Our energy efficiency services seek to optimise the performance of HVAC systems by reviewing comfort, climate control, and output quality and energy efficiency issues. Key areas for investigation and HVAC performance optimisation include: Maintaining the cleanliness of heating and cooling coils in HVAC systems is essential to their efficient operation. Significant cost savings can be made in this area. Our HVAC services include auditing heat transfer capabilities for both cooling and heating coils, and complete coil cleaning services to ensure optimum heat transfer and air flow efficiencies are maintained. HVAC filter management designed to optimise heating and cooling performance and energy efficiencies. Typically this would involve an assessment of the required environmental conditions to understand desired outcomes, and then matching this to the most effective filter combinations for performance, efficiency and lifecycle cost. The safe, energy efficient operation of boilers and steam generating systems relies heavily on the effective treatment of the boiler water itself. Poor management of internal heat transfer surfaces and boiler water quality and can seriously affect both boiler performance and asset integrity. This can lead to increased costs, wasted energy and potentially result in serious damage to the boiler. Our expert energy efficiency and boiler water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of both the boiler and wider steam system. Our approach is designed optimise costs and operational efficiencies, maintain steam quality, achieve water and energy savings, and increase plant reliability and safety. Cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems are used to provide cooling for chillers, air conditioning equipment, and many manufacturing and process applications. They do this using a heat transfer or heat rejection process involving the evaporation of water to the atmosphere. This evaporation process means they can consume significant amounts of water. The energy efficient operation of cooling towers relies heavily on the effective treatment of the recirculating water used in the cooling tower system. Poor water quality management can seriously affect cooling performance, water and energy efficiencies and asset integrity. Water is lost from a cooling tower in a number of ways including: Recirculating water evaporates from the cooling tower and is rejected to the atmosphere. As water evaporates from the cooling system, dissolved solids begin to concentrate. As concentrations increase these solids can cause scaling and corrosion problems. Such concentrations are typically controlled by blowdown which involves draining water from the cooling system. Blowdown should be carefully controlled to optimise water efficiencies. Small volumes of water leave the cooling tower as a mist or as water droplets, and this is called drift. The volumes of water lost as drift are typically small and can be controlled with baffles and drift eliminators fitted to the tower. Our expert energy efficiency and cooling water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems. Our approach is designed optimise costs and heat transfer efficiencies, achieve water and energy savings, and maintain asset integrity.Reducing water use through reuse & water recycling
Reducing water use through conservation and recycling
Industrial wastewater and effluent
Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling
HVAC energy efficiency
Cooling and heating coil cleaning
HVAC filter management
Energy efficiency for boilers & steam generating processes
Energy efficiency for cooling towers & evaporative cooling systems
Evaporation
Blowdown
Drift
Key areas for investigation and cooling tower performance optimisation include:
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your energy and resource optimisation requirements. We can provide expert energy efficiency solutions to help you reduce energy costs, improve efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of process engineers, in-field specialists and technical experts we can offer innovative energy optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland. Contact us now for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.Energy efficient solutions for boilers, HVAC, cooling towers & wastewater
You may also be interested in…
More information on energy efficiency and resource optimisation… here → More on the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change… kyoto protocol →Further reading…
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This short article is about air conditioning, often abbreviated to AC. Air conditioning is commonly found in modern buildings and describes the process of removing heat from an internal space, helping to cool the air, and control humidity.
This brief guide is about heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC. The cooling towers used in heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems are primarily used to dispose or reject to atmosphere any unwanted heat generated from a chiller or cooling system.
Insightful energy efficiency solutions to reduce costs, optimise processes and improve environmental performance. Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK water treatment and environmental services company offering a range of innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions involving the use of water and energy in industrial boilers, steam generating systems, HVAC, cooling towers, and the treatment of wastewater and effluent in commercial, industrial and process applications. Our sustainable energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions are delivered by in-field experts who combine their extensive knowledge of process applications with the latest high performance analysis equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste processes and improve environmental performance. Our specialist energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions include:Expert energy efficiency & resource optimisation solutions
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water and energy specialists, and technical experts we can offer innovative energy efficiency and resource optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland. Contact Water Treatment Services today to learn how our expert resource optimisation solutions can help you reduce costs, enhance efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. To speak with one of our energy efficiency experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below to get our full contact details or submit our contact form.Full national UK coverage
Environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly important as countries and responsible organisations around the world begin to recognise the detrimental impact their activities are having on our climate, air quality and the wider environment. Good examples of this are the international environmental standard ISO14001:2015 “Environmental management systems – Requirements with guidance for use” and the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally recognised environmental management standard that helps organisations to establish, implement and maintain their own environmental management systems. The Kyoto Protocol currently commits over 190 countries around the world to combat global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. It came in to force in 2005. A second commitment period was agreed on in 2012, known as the Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol, in which 37 countries have binding targets. It requires those participating countries to:Energy efficiency & environmental sustainability
In the UK our commitment to the Kyoto Protocol is outlined in the Governments “The Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland”, download a full copy here… air quality strategy → It is clear from this and the widespread adoption of the environmental standard ISO14001:2015 that our future expectations around issues of social responsibility, economic and environmental performance are changing and should no longer be seen as being mutually exclusive. For those environmentally responsible organisations this presents significant challenges and this is where the holistic approach taken by the energy efficiency experts at Water Treatment Services can help deliver real process, energy and environmental improvements to your operations involving:Delivering process, energy & environmental improvements
Like it or not water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource in many parts of the world as climates change, populations increase and the demands for good quality water become ever greater. The challenge now facing organisations is how to optimise their use of this scare resource. Opportunities to do this might include new water conservation strategies, identifying innovative ways in which to treat wastewater and industrial effluents, water recycling, rainwater harvesting and improving overall water and energy efficiencies. Reducing the volumes of water used in commercial, institutional and industrial buildings, and manufacturing and process applications requires a detailed appreciation of how the water is used and its impact on each process. This can include the use of hot and cold water in buildings, heating and cooling systems through to complex industrial processes. Our expert team have the knowledge and experience to identify key areas for reducing overall water consumption, advising on best practice, the latest water saving devices, industry bench-marking and performance monitoring. Optimising the treatment of industrial wastewater and trade effluent is becoming ever more complex as increasingly rigorous environmental standards become the norm, and energy, water and effluent discharge costs increase. Under such challenging conditions improving the treatment processes for industrial wastewaters becomes ever more important. Our team of experts offer a holistic approach to the evaluation and treatment of industrial wastewaters and developing innovative ways to reduce costs, improve process and energy efficiencies along with the introduction of new, eco-friendly wastewater recycling and water reuse solutions. This allows us to help customers meet their legal obligations in the most economic, environmentally sensitive way, improve waste management processes and protect the environment. Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling present excellent opportunities to collect or recycle water for alternative uses. To develop the most appropriate water reuse solution it is essential to understand the technologies involved in these applications, where the water can be reused and how it needs be treated to meet water quality standards. Water Treatment Services combine our water treatment expertise with a practical engineering approach to design, construct and manage the most appropriate rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling solutions for each application. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, often abbreviated to HVAC are complex building systems designed to control the temperature, humidity, and air quality in indoor spaces. Well-designed HVAC systems will help to create desired levels of thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Our energy efficiency services seek to optimise the performance of HVAC systems by reviewing comfort, climate control, and output quality and energy efficiency issues. Key areas for investigation and HVAC performance optimisation include: Maintaining the cleanliness of heating and cooling coils in HVAC systems is essential to their efficient operation. Significant cost savings can be made in this area. Our HVAC services include auditing heat transfer capabilities for both cooling and heating coils, and complete coil cleaning services to ensure optimum heat transfer and air flow efficiencies are maintained. HVAC filter management designed to optimise heating and cooling performance and energy efficiencies. Typically this would involve an assessment of the required environmental conditions to understand desired outcomes, and then matching this to the most effective filter combinations for performance, efficiency and lifecycle cost. The safe, energy efficient operation of boilers and steam generating systems relies heavily on the effective treatment of the boiler water itself. Poor management of internal heat transfer surfaces and boiler water quality and can seriously affect both boiler performance and asset integrity. This can lead to increased costs, wasted energy and potentially result in serious damage to the boiler. Our expert energy efficiency and boiler water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of both the boiler and wider steam system. Our approach is designed optimise costs and operational efficiencies, maintain steam quality, achieve water and energy savings, and increase plant reliability and safety. Cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems are used to provide cooling for chillers, air conditioning equipment, and many manufacturing and process applications. They do this using a heat transfer or heat rejection process involving the evaporation of water to the atmosphere. This evaporation process means they can consume significant amounts of water. The energy efficient operation of cooling towers relies heavily on the effective treatment of the recirculating water used in the cooling tower system. Poor water quality management can seriously affect cooling performance, water and energy efficiencies and asset integrity. Water is lost from a cooling tower in a number of ways including: Recirculating water evaporates from the cooling tower and is rejected to the atmosphere. As water evaporates from the cooling system, dissolved solids begin to concentrate. As concentrations increase these solids can cause scaling and corrosion problems. Such concentrations are typically controlled by blowdown which involves draining water from the cooling system. Blowdown should be carefully controlled to optimise water efficiencies. Small volumes of water leave the cooling tower as a mist or as water droplets, and this is called drift. The volumes of water lost as drift are typically small and can be controlled with baffles and drift eliminators fitted to the tower. Our expert energy efficiency and cooling water treatment experts take a holistic approach to the management of cooling towers and evaporative cooling systems. Our approach is designed optimise costs and heat transfer efficiencies, achieve water and energy savings, and maintain asset integrity.Reducing water use through reuse & water recycling
Reducing water use through conservation and recycling
Industrial wastewater and effluent
Rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling
HVAC energy efficiency
Cooling and heating coil cleaning
HVAC filter management
Energy efficiency for boilers & steam generating processes
Energy efficiency for cooling towers & evaporative cooling systems
Evaporation
Blowdown
Drift
Key areas for investigation and cooling tower performance optimisation include:
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your energy and resource optimisation requirements. We can provide expert energy efficiency solutions to help you reduce energy costs, improve efficiencies, optimise waste management processes and improve your environmental performance. With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of process engineers, in-field specialists and technical experts we can offer innovative energy optimisation solutions to organisations throughout the UK and Ireland. Contact us now for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.Energy efficient solutions for boilers, HVAC, cooling towers & wastewater
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More information on energy efficiency and resource optimisation… here → More on the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change… kyoto protocol →Further reading…
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Specialist cooling water treatment solutions.
Water Treatment Services is a leading independent UK environmental engineering company offering a comprehensive range of cooling water treatment and in-field engineering support solutions for cooling systems including evaporative condensers and cooling towers.
Our treatment solutions for cooling systems including cooling towers address the common problems of corrosion, scaling, fouling and microbial contamination that can affect the safety, regulatory compliance and performance of cooling systems.
Our water management services are delivered by in-field experts who use the latest high performance cooling water treatment products including biocides, chemical cleaners and antiscalants; commercial water softeners, equipment and data controllers to help reduce costs, enhance operational efficiency and reliability; extend asset lifecycles and improve safety and regulatory compliance issues, including the control of Legionella to satisfy the requirements of the Health & Safety Executives Approved Code of Practice ACOP L8 and HSG274.
Our expert water treatment services for cooling systems including evaporative condensers and cooling towers includes:
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field cooling water treatment specialists and technical experts we can offer professional, cost effective solutions for the management and continued treatment of open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops and once-through cooling systems across the whole of the UK and Ireland.
Contact us today to learn how our expert cooling water treatment services, Legionella control, cooling tower engineering solutions can help you optimise costs and operational efficiencies, reduce downtime, achieve water and energy savings, increase plant reliability, and improve safety and regulatory compliance to meet the standards set by the HSE in their ACOP L8.
To speak with one of our cooling water experts call us on 0330 223 31 31 or simply use the button below.
Cooling systems, whether open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops or once-through systems are an essential component in many commercial, industrial and process environments where their primary purpose is to remove heat via a heat exchanger to water in a cooling system.
The most common of these are recirculating systems that use either evaporative condensers or a cooling tower to dissipate heat. The use of water in this way is a highly cost effective, energy efficient means of heat transfer.
If a cooling system or the water used within it is poorly maintained or left untreated it can lead to a number of common problems that will affect cost, performance, reliability and safety.
The problems associated with poor cooling water treatment and system maintenance include corrosion, scaling, fouling and microbial contamination.
Such problems can affect cooling performance, reduce heat transfer efficiencies, increase energy costs; reduce asset reliability and life-expectancy, and cause significant health, safety and regulatory compliance issues for the operators of such cooling systems.
To combat these problems cooling systems and the water used within them requires suitable treatment often involving the use of specialist high performance water treatment chemicals.
Successful cooling system operation requires a holistic approach to the maintenance and protection of both the cooling system components and cooling waters against the detrimental effects of corrosion, scale formation, fouling and microbial contamination.
A well-managed cooling tower water treatment programme will help optimise costs and operational efficiencies, reduce downtime, achieve water and energy savings, increase plant reliability, and improve safety and regulatory compliance.
The control of corrosion in cooling systems is essential as it can cause a number of serious problems. Corrosion of the metallic components within the system can lead to serious degradation issues, increased costs, reduced asset reliability and life-expectancy, and ultimately system failure. It can also impact heat transfer efficiencies which increases energy costs.
Cooling water related corrosion can be caused by a number of factors that typically include oxygen associated corrosion, galvanic corrosion and microbially influenced corrosion (MIC). Where stainless steel exists chloride ions can also become an issue causing pitting corrosion.
The relationship between corrosion and scaling potential in cooling waters can be predicted using the Langelier Saturation Index (LSI).
The system should be kept clean and free from microbial contamination and fouling. A specialist cooling water corrosion inhibitor, selected to account for the system metallurgy and local water conditions should also be used.
The formation of scale (sometimes called limescale) on heat exchanger surfaces and cooling tower packing can become a significant issue. If left untreated or treated incorrectly scale can build-up on surfaces and acts as an excellent insulator to reduce heat transfer efficiencies and constrict flow rates. It can also harbour dangerous pathogens including legionella bacteria, the causative organism for the potentially fatal condition Legionnaires’ disease.
The scaling potential of the water source depends on the source water hardness, and occurs when calcium and magnesium salts precipitate out on to surfaces as a result of heat and increased concentration factor. The scaling potential can be predicted using the Langelier Index (LSI) and this can be used to develop an optimum cooling water treatment programme that balances both scale and corrosion considerations.
To control scale formation in a typical cooling system the following water treatment activities should be considered.
Microbial contamination of cooling systems, and in particular, cooling towers that use open evaporative cooling techniques should be considered a safety critical issue that requires careful management and control to ensure they are clean, well maintained and meet the compliance standards set in the Health & Safety Executives ACOP L8 and HSG274 Part 1 dealing with the control of Legionella bacteria and Legionnaires’ disease in evaporative cooling systems, including cooling towers.
Cooling towers are known to present a particularly high Legionella risk as their mode of operation can create an ideal mechanism for the growth, proliferation and dispersal of Legionella bacteria over wide areas, now known to be at least 6km from the source cooling tower.
Did you know that cooling towers can spread Legionella bacteria over wide areas… at least 6km in some cases
Controlling microbial contamination including Legionella in cooling towers requires a robust water treatment and Legionnaires’ disease control programme. This would typically include the preparation of detailed operation and maintenance procedures for the cooling tower together with a chemical water treatment programme involving the use of specialist cooling water treatment chemicals, dosing equipment and data controllers.
Regular monitoring and testing will also be required to validate the success of the treatment programme, along with specialist laboratory tests for Legionella bacteria at least every three months. The cooling tower system will also require cleaning and disinfecting regularly.
The industrial and process water treatment specialists at Water Treatment Services have developed an extensive series of professional water and wastewater treatment training courses that includes WTS 0050 “Cooling Water Treatment & Evaporative Cooling Systems”. This specialist water treatment training course comprises an intensive one day course designed for plant operators, water treatment service engineers, facilities managers, maintenance and engineering contractors, and those with responsibility for commercial and industrial cooling towers and other cooling systems… training →
Contact Water Treatment Services today to discuss your cooling tower water treatment requirements. We can provide expert advice and support regarding the management and treatment of open-recirculating cooling towers, closed-loops and once-through cooling systems.
With offices in London serving the South and South East England, Manchester (North West), Birmingham (Midlands), Bristol (South East England and Wales), Leeds (North and North East) and Glasgow (Scotland), supported by regional teams of specially trained engineers, in-field water treatment specialists and technical experts we can offer reliable, cost effective water treatment and engineering support services throughout the UK and Ireland.
Contact us today for more information or for your FREE, no obligation quote.
More information on the treatment of water used in cooling systems … learn more here →